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Quran
23.62. Wir erlegen keiner Seele mehr auf, als sie zu leisten vermag. Und bei Uns ist ein Buch, das die Wahrheit redet, und es wird ihnen kein Unrecht zugefügt.
27.21. LaoAAadhdhibannahu AAadhabanschadiidan aw laadhbahannahu aw laya/tiyannii bisultaninmubiinin
27.21. I verily will punish him with hard punishment or I verily will slay him, or he verily shall bring me a plain excuse. (Pickthall)
27.21. L Ganz bestimmt bestrafe ich ihn mit schwerer Strafe, oder ganz bestimmt schlachte ich ihn ab, oder ganz bestimmt kommt er mir mit einer klaren Ermächtigung." (Ahmad v. Denffer)
27.21. Ich werde ihn ganz gewiß strengstens strafen, oder ich werde ihn ganz gewiß hinrichten (lassen)´, es sei denn, er bringt mir fürwahr eine deutliche Ermächtigung." (Bubenheim)
27.21. Ich werde ihn schwer bestrafen oder schlachten, es sei denn, er bringt mir einen unwiderlegbaren Beweis." (Azhar)
27.21. Gewiß, ich werde ihn einer qualvollen Peinigung unterziehen oder ihn schlachten, oder er legt mir eine klare Entschuldigung vor.“ (Zaidan)
27.21. Ich werde ihn wahrlich schwer bestrafen oder (überhaupt) umbringen, es sei denn, er bringt mir eine offenkundige Vollmacht (für sein Fernbleiben)." (Paret)
27.21. Ich werde ihn gewiß mit strenger Strafe bestrafen, oder ich werde ihn töten, es sei denn, er bringt mir einen triftigen Grund vor." (Rasul)
27.22. But he was not long in coming, and he said: I have found out (a thing) that thou apprehendest not, and I come unto thee from Sheba with sure tidings. (Pickthall)
27.22. Und er verblieb nicht lange, und er sagte: "lch habe etwas ausgemacht, was du nie ausgemacht hast, und ich komme zu dir von Saba mit sicherer Nachricht. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
27.22. Aber er blieb nicht lange aus. Er sagte: "Ich habe (an Wissen) erfaßt, was du nicht erfaßt hast. Und ich bringe dir aus Saba sichere Kunde. (Bubenheim)
27.22. Der Wiedehopf hatte sich nicht weit davon aufgehalten und sprach: "Ich habe etwas erfahren, was du nicht weißt. Ich bringe dir aus Saba eine wichtige zuverlässige Nachricht. (Azhar)
27.22. Dann blieb er nicht lang weg, dann sagte er: „Ich kundschaftete aus, was du nicht auskundschaftest, und ich brachte dir aus Sabaa eine gewiße Mitteilung: (Zaidan)
27.22. Der Wiedehopf blieb nicht (mehr) lange (aus) und sagte: "Ich habe etwas erfahren, was du nicht erfahren hast, und bringe dir nun sichere Kunde von den Sabäern (Paret)
27.22. Und dieser blieb nicht lange fern, dann sprach er: "Ich habe eine Erfahrung gemacht, die du nicht gemacht hast; und ich bin aus Saba' mit sicherer Nachricht zu dir gekommen. (Rasul)
27.23. Lo! I found a woman ruling over them, and she hath been given (abundance) of all things, and hers is a mighty throne. (Pickthall)
27.23. Ich habe eine Frau gefunden, sie herrscht über sie, und ihr wurde von allem gegeben, und sie hat einen gewaltigen Thron. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
27.23. Gewiß, ich habe herausgefunden, daß eine Frau über sie herrscht, daß ihr von allem gegeben worden ist und daß sie einen gewaltigen Thron hat. (Bubenheim)
27.23. Ich habe dort gesehen, dass eine Frau als Königin über das Volk herrscht, die von allen Gaben hat und einen gewaltigen mächtigen Thron besitzt. (Azhar)
27.23. Ich fand eine Frau sie beherrschen, und ihr wurde von allem zuteil, und sie verfügt über einen gewaltigen Thron. (Zaidan)
27.23. Ich habe festgestellt, daß eine Frau über sie König ist, und daß sie allerlei (geschenkt) bekommen hat (was andere nicht haben), und daß sie einen gewaltigen Thron besitzt. (Paret)
27.23. Dort fand ich eine Frau, die über sie herrscht, und ihr ist alles beschert worden, und sie besitzt einen großartigen Thron. (Rasul)
27.24. I found her and her people worshipping the sun instead of Allah; and Satan maketh their works fair seeming unto them, and debarreth them from the way (of Truth), so that they go not aright: (Pickthall)
27.24. Ich fand sie und ihr Volk sich vor der Sonne niederwerfen anstelle Allahs, und es hat ihnen der Teufel ihre Taten schön gemacht, und er hält sie ab vom Weg, also sind sie nicht rechtgeleitet, (Ahmad v. Denffer)
27.24. Ich habe herausgefunden, daß sie und ihr Volk sich vor der Sonne niederwerfen, anstatt vor Allah. Und der Satan hat ihnen ihre Taten ausgeschmückt und sie dann vom Weg abgehalten, so daß sie nicht rechtgeleitet sind, (Bubenheim)
27.24. Ich sah sie und ihr Volk sich vor der Sonne anstatt vor Gott niederwerfen. Der Satan hat ihnen ihre ?beltaten schön erscheinen lassen und sie vom rechten Weg abgebracht, so dass sie nicht zur Rechtleitung finden. (Azhar)
27.24. Ich fand sie und ihre Leute Sudschud der Sonne anstelle von ALLAH vollziehen, und der Satan hat ihnen ihre Taten schön erscheinen lassen, dann brachte er sie ab vom eigentlichen Weg, so finden sie keine Rechtleitung, (Zaidan)
27.24. Und ich habe festgestellt, daß sie und ihr Volk vor der Sonne (in Anbetung) niederfallen, statt vor Allah. Der Satan hat ihnen ihre Handlungen im schönsten Licht erscheinen lassen (um sie durch Selbstsicherheit zu betören) und sie vom (rechten) Weg abgehalten, so daß sie nicht rechtgeleitet sind (Paret)
27.24. Ich fand sie und ihr Volk die Sonne statt Allah anbeten; und Satan hat ihnen ihre Werke ausgeschmückt und hat sie vom Weg (Allahs) abgehalten, so daß sie dem Weg nicht folgen. (Rasul)
27.25. Alla yasdschuduu lillahi alladhiiyukhridschu alkhabaa fii alssamawati waal-ardiwayaAAlamu ma tukhfuuna wama tuAAlinuuna
27.25. So that they worship not Allah, Who bringeth forth the hidden in the heavens and the earth, and knoweth what ye hide and what ye proclaim, (Pickthall)
27.25. So daß sie sich nicht vor Allah niederwerfen, der das Versteckte in den Himmeln und der Erde hervorbingt und weiß, was ihr geheimhaltet, und was ihr offenlegt, (Ahmad v. Denffer)
27.25. (dies), damit sie sich nicht vor Allah niederwerfen, Der das Versteckte in den Himmeln und auf der Erde herausbringt und weiß, was ihr verbergt, und was ihr offenlegt. (Bubenheim)
27.25. Warum werfen sie sich nicht vor Gott nieder, Der das Verborgene in den Himmeln und auf der Erde hervorholt und alles weiß, was ihr geheimhaltet und was ihr äußert? (Azhar)
27.25. damit sie kein Sudschud für ALLAH vollziehen, Der das Verborgene in den Himmeln und auf Erden hervorbringt, und ER weiß, was ihr verbergt und was ihr offenlegt. (Zaidan)
27.25. und nicht vor Allah niederfallen der zum Vorschein bringt, was im Himmel und auf Erden verborgen ist, und weiß, was ihr geheimhaltet, und was ihr bekanntgebt. (Paret)
27.25. Wollen sie nicht Allah verehren, Der ans Licht bringt, was in den Himmeln und auf Erden verborgen ist, und Der weiß, was ihr verhehlt und was ihr offenbart! (Rasul)
27.26. Allahu la ilaha illahuwa rabbu alAAarschi alAAadhiimi
27.26. Allah; there is no God save Him, the Lord of the tremendous Throne. (Pickthall)
27.26. Allah, es gibt keinen Gott außer Ihm, der Herr des gewaltigen Thrones. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
27.26. Allah - es gibt keinen Gott außer Ihm, dem Herrn des gewaltigen Thrones." (Bubenheim)
27.26. Gott, Allah, außer Dem es keinen Gott gibt, dem Herrn der höchsten Allmacht." (Azhar)
27.26. ER ist ALLAH, es gibt keine Gottheit außer Ihm, Der HERR vom gewaltigen Al'ahrsch.“ (Zaidan)
27.26. Allah (ist einer allein). Es gibt keinen Gott außer ihm. (Er ist) der Herr des gewaltigen Thrones." (Paret)
27.26. Allah! Es ist kein Gott außer Ihm, dem Herrn des Gewaltigen Throns." (Rasul)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 20 bis 26
(On another occasion) Solomon reviewed his birds ( 27 ) and said, "How is it that 1 do not see the hoopoe? Has he disappeared somewhere? I will punish him severely, or even slaughter him, unless he presents before me a reasonable excuse” ( 28 ) The bird did not take long when it came and said, "I have obtained knowledge of things of which you have no knowledge. I have brought sure information about Saba. ( 29 ) There I have seen a woman ruling over her people: she has been given all sorts of provisions, and she has a splendid throne. I saw that she and her people prostrate themselves before the sun instead of Allah. " ( 30 ) ---- Satan ( 31 ) made their deeds seem fair to them, ( 32 ) and hindered them from the highway: therefore, they do not find the right path that they may prostrate themselves before that God Who brings to light the hidden things of the heavens and the earth ( 33 ) and knows all that you conceal and reveal. ( 34 ) Allah: none but He is worthy of worship: He is the Owner of the glorious Throne. ( 35 )
Desc No: 27 That is, the birds whose troops, as mentioned above, were included in the armies of Prophet Solomon like the troops of the men and jinns. It is just possible that the Prophet Solomon had employed them for communicating messages, hunting and performing other such services.
Desc No: 28 Some people of the modern time say that the hud-bud (hoopoe) does not mean the bird commonly known by this name, but is the name of a man who was an officer in the army of Solomon. This claim is not based on any historical research in which they might have found a person named hud-hud included in the list of the officers of the government of the Prophet Solomon, but they base their claim on the argument that the custom of naming human beings after animals is prevalent in Arabic as in other languages and was also found in Hebrew. Moreover, the, work that has been ascribed to the hud-hud in the following verses and its conversation with the Prophet Solomon, can, according to them, be only performed by a human being. But if one keeps in view the context in which this thing occurs in the Qur'an, it becomes evident that this is no commentary of the Qur'an but its distortion. After all, why should the Qur'an put the intellect and intelligence of man to the test by using enigmatic language '? Why should it not clearly say that a soldier of the Prophet Solomon's cavalry, or platoon, or communication department, was missing, whom he ordered to be searched out, and who came and gave this news and whom he despatched on such and such a mission? Instead, it uses such language that the reader, from the beginning to the end, is compelled to regard it as a bird. Let us, in this connection, consider the tarts in their sequence as presented in the Qur'an. First of all, the Prophet Solomon expresses his gratitude to Allah for His this bounty: "We have been taught the speech of the birds." In this sentence, firstly, the word Lair has been used absolutely which every Arab and scholar of Arabic will take in the meaning of a bird, because there is nothing in the context that points to its being figurative; secondly, if tair implied a group of men and not a bird, the ward language or tongue would have been used concerning it and not speech. 'Then, a person's knowing the tongue of another people is not so extraordinary a thing that it should be specially mentioned. Today there are among us thousands of men and women, who can speak and understand many foreign languages. This is in no way an unusual achievement which may be mentioned as an extraordinary gift of God. Then the Qur'an says, "For Solomon were gathered hosts of jinns and then and birds." In this sentence, firstly, the words Jinn and ins (men) and tair have been used as names for three well-known and distinct species denoted by these words in Arabic. Then they have been used absolutely and there is nothing in the context that may point to any of them being used metaphorically, or as a simile. hecause of which one may take them in another meaning than their well- known lexical meaning. Then the word ins has occurred between the words jinn and Lair which does not allow taking it in the meaning that the Jinn and the tair were, in tact, two groups included in the species of ins (men). Had this been meant the words would have been: ul jinn wat-tair min-al-ins and not min-al- Jinn wal-ins W at-tair. A little further un the e Qur'an says that the Prophet Solomon said this when-during his review of the birds hr found the hud-hud missing. If the fair were human beings and hud-hud also was the name of a man, a word or two should Dave been there to indicate this so that cite poor reader should not have taken the word for a bird. When the group being mentioned is clearly of the birds and a number of it is called hud-hud. how can it be expected that the reader will of his own accord understand them to be human beings'? Then the Prophet Solomon says, "1 will punish him severely, or even slaughter him, unless he presents before me a reasonable excuse." A man is killed, or hanged, or sentenced to death, but never slaughtered. Some hard-hearted person may even slaughter another person out of vengeance, but it cannot be expected of a Prophet that he would sentence a soldier of his army to be slaughtered only for the offence of desertion, and Allah would mention this heinous act of the Prophet without a word of disapproval. A little further on we shall again see that the Prophet Solomon sends the same hud-hud with a letter to the queen of Sheba and tells him "to cast it before her". Obviously, such an instruction can be given to a bird but not at all to a man when he is sent as an envoy or messenger. Only a foolish person will believe that a king would send his envoy with a letter to the queen of another country and tell him to cast or throw it before her. Should we suppose that the Prophet Solomon was not aware of the preliminary social etiquette which even common people like us also observe when we send our servant to a neighbour? Will a gentleman tell his servant to carry his letter to the other gentleman and throw it before him? All these things show that the word hud-hud here has been used in its lexical meaning, showing that he was not a man but a bird. Now, if a person is not prepared to believe that a hud-hud can speak those things that have been ascribed to it in the Qur'an, he should frankly say that he does not believe in this narrative: of the Qur'an. It is sheer hypocrisy to misconstrue plain and clear words of the Qur'an according to one's own whims only in order to cover up one's lack of faith in it.
Desc No: 29 Saba' were a well-known commercial people of southern Arabia, whose capital city of Ma'rib lay about 55 miles to the north-east of San`a', the present capital of Yaman. They rose to power after the decline of the Minaean Kingdom in about 1100 B.C. and flourished for a thousand years in Arabia. Then in 115 B.C. they were replaced by the Himyarites, the other well-known people of southern Arabia, who ruled Yaman and Hadramaut in Arabia and Habash in Africa. The Sabaeans controlled the whole trade that passed between eastern Africa, India, the Far East and Arabia itself, on the one hand, and Egypt, Syria, Greece and Rome on the other. That is why they were famous for their wealth in the ancient times; so much so that according to the Greek historians they were the richest people of the world. Besides trade and commerce, another great reason for their prosperity was that they had built dams here and there in their country to store rainwater for irrigation purposes, which had turned their whole land into a veritable garden. The Greek; historians have made mention of the unusual greenery of their country; and the Qur'an also refers to it in Surah Saba': 15.The statement of the hud-hud, `I have obtained knowledge of things of which you have no knowledge", does not imply that the Prophet Solomon was wholly unaware of Saba'. Obviously, the ruler of Syria and Palestine whose kingdom extended to the northern shores of the Red Sea (Gulf of `Aqabah), could not be unaware of a people who ruled the southern shores (Yaman) of the same Red Sea, and who also controlled an important pan of the international trade. Moreover, according to Psalms, Solomon's father, Prophet David, knew Saba' We lied the following words of his prayer in Psalms "Give the king thy judgement, O God, and thy righteousness unto the king's son (i.e. Solomon)... The kings of Tarshish and of the isles shall bring presents: the kings of Sheba and Seba (i.e. of Yaman's and Habash's branches) shall offer gifts." (72: 1-2, 10-11). Therefore, what the hud-hud means to say is this: "The knowledge of the things 1 have seen with my eyes in the central city of the Sabaeans. has not yet reached you."
Desc No: 30 This shows that the people of Saba' at that lime followed the religion of sun-worship, which is also supported by the ancient traditions of Arabia. Ibn ishaq has cited the genealogists' saying to the effect that Saba' have in fact descended from an ancestor whose name was `Abd Shams (slave of the sun, or sun-worshipper) and title Saba'. This is supported by the Israelite traditions as well. According to these when the hud=hud arrived with the Prophet Solomon's letter, the queen of Sheba was going for the worship of the sun-god, and it threw the letter on the way before the queen.
Desc No: 31 The style shows that the sentences from here to the end of the paragraph are not a part of the hud-bud's speech but its speech ended with: "they prostrate themselves before the sun", and these words are an addition by Allah to its speech. 'I his opinion is supported by the sentence: "He knows all that you conceal and reveal." These words give the impression that the speaker and the addressees here are not he hud-hud and the Prophet Solomon and his courtiers respectively, but the speaker is Allah and the addressees the mushriks of Makkah, for whose admonition this story has been related. From among the commentators, 'Allamah Alusi;, the author of Ruh-al-Ma ani, also has preferred the same opinion.
Desc No: 32 That is, Satan has made them believe that earning the worldly wealth and making, their lives more and more grand and pompous is the only real and fit use of their mental and intellectual and physical powers. Apart from these, they need not think seriously on anything else: they need not bother themselves to see whether there was any factual reality behind the apparent life of the world or not, and whether the basis of their religion, morality, culture and system of life accorded with that Reality or went utterly against it. Satan satisfied them that when they were making adequate progress in respect of wealth and power and worldly grandeur, they had no need to see whether their beliefs and philosophies and theories were correct or not, for the only proof of their being correct was that they were earning wealth and enjoying life to their hearts content.
Desc No: 33 That is, He is bringing continuously into existence those things which before their ' birth were hidden here and there: He is bringing out continuously countless kinds of vegetation and minerals from the bowels of the earth: He is manifesting from upper space such things as could not even be conceived by Ruman mind before their manifestation.
Desc No: 34 That is, His knowledge embraces everything; the open and hidden are alike for Him; He is aware of everything. By citing these two attributes of Allah the object is to impress that if they had not been deluded by Satan, they could have seen the right way clearly: they could have perceived that the hot burning sphere of the sun which has no sense of its own existence, did not deserve to be worshipped but worship was due to Him alone Who is the All-Knowing and the AlI-Wise Being, and Whose power is bringing into existence new and ever stew phenomena every moment.
Desc No: 35 This is one of those verses of the Qur'an, whose recital makes it obligatory for one to perform a Sajdah (prostration), and there is a consensus on this of the Muslim jurists. The object of performing a Sajdah here is that a believer should set himself apart from the sun-worshippers and should decalre by his action that he does not regard the sun but Allah Almighty alone as his Deity and Lord. "
27.28. Go with this my letter and throw it down unto them; then turn away and see what (answer) they return, (Pickthall)
27.28. Gehe mit diesem meinem Schreiben und wirf es ihnen zu, dann kehre dich von ihnen ab und sieh, was sie erwidern. ^ (Ahmad v. Denffer)
27.28. Geh mit diesem meinem Schreiben, überbringe es ihnen und kehre dich hierauf von ihnen ab. Dann schau, was sie erwidern." (Bubenheim)
27.28. Gehe mit diesem Brief von mir zu ihnen und wirf ihn hin, dann wende dich von ihnen ab und höre, was sie einander sagen!" (Azhar)
27.28. Fliege mit diesem meinem Schreiben (dorthin), wirf es über ihnen ab, dann wende dich von ihnen ab, dann warte ab, was sie entgegnen.“ (Zaidan)
27.28. Bring diesen meinen Brief weg und wirf ihn ihnen zu! Hierauf wende dich von ihnen ab (und warte zu) und sieh, was sie (darauf) erwidern!" (Paret)
27.28. Geh mit diesem Brief von mir und wirf ihn vor sie hin, sodann zieh dich von ihnen zurück und schau, was sie erwidern." (Rasul)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 27 bis 28
Solomon said, "We shall just now see whether what you say is true, or that you area liar. Take this letter of mine and cast it before them; then get aside and see what reaction they show." ( 36 )
Desc No: 36 Here ends the role of the hud-hud (hoopoe). The rationalists deny its being a bird for the reason that a bird could not possibly be endowed with such powers of observation, discrimination and expression that it should pass over a country and should come to know that it is the land of Saba`, it has such and such a system of government, it is ruled by a certain woman, its religion is sunworship, that it should have worshipped One God instead of having gone astray, and then on its return to the Prophet Solomon it should so clearly make a report of all its observations before him. Due to these very reasons the open atheists object that the Qur'an is a book of fables and legends; then those who try to interpret the Qur'an rationally misconstrue its clear words in order to prove that the hud-hud was not at all a bird but he was a man. But the question is: What scientific information have these gentlemen got by which they could tell with absolute certainty what powers and abilities the different species of animals and their different individuals have got? The information that they possess only consists of the results interred froth the grossly insufficient observation made cursorily by them of the life and behaviour of the animals. In fact, man has not so far been able to know through any certain means what different animals know and what they see and hear. and what they feel and think and understand, and how the mind of each one of them works. Yet, whatever little observation has been made of the life of the different species of animals, it has revealed some of their wonderful abilities. Now, when Allah, Who is the Creator of these animals, tells us that He had taught the speech of the birds to one of His Prophets and blessed him with the ability to speak to them, and the Prophet's taming and training had so enabled a hud-hud that it could make certain observations in the foreign lands and could report theta to the Prophet, we should, in fact, be prepared to revise our little knowledge about the animals in the light of Allah's statement. But, instead, we commit the folly of taking our this insufficient knowledge as the criterion and belie this statement of Allah or distort it out of its true meaning. "
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