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Quran
2.257. Allah ist der Schutzherr derjenigen, die glauben. Er bringt sie aus den Finsternissen heraus ins Licht. Diejenigen aber, die ungläubig sind, deren Schutzherren sind die falschen Götter. Sie bringen sie aus dem Licht hinaus in die Finsternisse. Das sind Insassen des (Höllen)feuers. Ewig werden sie darin bleiben.
64.1. All that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth glorifieth Allah; unto Him belongeth sovereignty and unto Him longeth praise, and He is Able to do all things. (Pickthall)
64.1. Es preist Allah, was in den Himmeln und was auf der Erde ist, Sein ist die Herrschaft, und Sein ist das Lob, und Er ist zu allem imstande. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
64.1. Allah preist (alles), was in den Himmeln und (alles) was auf der Erde ist. Ihm gehört die Herrschaft, und Ihm gehört (alles) Lob, und Er hat zu allem die Macht. (Bubenheim)
64.1. Alles, was in den Himmeln und auf Erden ist, lobpreist Gott. Ihm gehört die Herrschaft, und ihm gebührt der Dank. Seine Allmacht umfasst alles. (Azhar)
64.1. ALLAH lobpreisen alle, die in den Himmeln und auf Erden sind. Ihm gehört die Herrschaft und Ihm gebührt alles Lob. Und ER ist über alles allmächtig. (Zaidan)
64.1. Es preist Allah (alles), was im Himmel und auf Erden ist. Er hat die Herrschaft (über die ganze Welt). Ihm sei Lob! Er hat zu allem die Macht. (Paret)
64.1. Es preist Allah, was in den Himmeln und auf der Erde ist; Sein ist das Königreich und Sein ist das Lob, und Er hat Macht über alle Dinge. (Rasul)
64.2. Huwa alladhii khalaqakum faminkum kafirunwaminkum mu/minun waAllahu bima taAAmaluunabasiirun
64.2. He it is Who created you, but one of you is a disbeliever and one of you is a believer, and Allah is Seer of what ye do. (Pickthall)
64.2. Er ist es, der euch geschaffen hat, und von euch ist mancher Glaubensverweigerer, und von euch ist mancher Gläubiger, und Allah hat, was ihr tut, im Blick. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
64.2. Er ist es, Der euch erschaffen hat. So gibt es unter euch Ungläubige und gibt es unter euch Gläubige, und was ihr tut, sieht Allah wohl. (Bubenheim)
64.2. Er ist es, Der euch erschaffen hat, aber einige unter euch werden ungläubig und andere gläubig. Gott sieht alles, was ihr macht. (Azhar)
64.2. ER ist Derjenige, Der euch erschuf, so sind einige unter euch Kafir und einige unter euch Mumin. Und ALLAH ist dessen, was ihr tut, allsehend. (Zaidan)
64.2. Er ist es, der euch geschaffen hat, worauf die einen von euch ungläubig, die anderen gläubig waren. Allah durchschaut wohl, was ihr tut. (Paret)
64.2. Er ist es, Der euch erschaffen hat, aber einige von euch sind ungläubig und einige von euch sind gläubig; und Allah durchschaut das, was ihr tut. (Rasul)
64.3. He created the heavens and the earth with truth, and He shaped you and made good your shapes, and unto Him is the journeying. (Pickthall)
64.3. Er hat die Himmel und die Erde in Wahrheit geschaffen, und Er hat euch geformt, und Er hat eure Formen bestens gemacht, und bei Ihm ist das letztendliche Sein. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
64.3. Er hat die Himmel und die Erde in Wahrheit erschaffen und euch gestaltet, und da(bei) eure Gestalten schön gemacht. Und zu Ihm ist der Ausgang. (Bubenheim)
64.3. Er hat die Himmel und die Erde der Wahrheit gemäß erschaffen und euch so geformt, dass eure Gestalten schön sind. Zu Ihm kehrt ihr am Ende zurück. (Azhar)
64.3. ER erschuf die Himmel und die Erde in Gesetzmäßigkeit und gestaltete euch, dann machte eure Gestalten schön. Und zu Ihm ist das Werden. (Zaidan)
64.3. Er hat Himmel und Erde in gerechter Weise geschaffen, und er hat euch geformt und euch (dabei) schöne Gestalten gegeben. Und bei ihm wird es (schließlich alles) enden. (Paret)
64.3. Er schuf die Himmel und die Erde in gerechter Weise, und Er gestaltete euch und machte eure Gestalt schön, und zu Ihm ist die Heimkehr. (Rasul)
64.4. YaAAlamu ma fii alssamawatiwaal-ardi wayaAAlamu ma tusirruuna wamatuAAlinuuna waAllahu AAaliimun bidhati alssuduuri
64.4. He knoweth all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth, and He knoweth what ye conceal and what ye publish. and Allah is Aware of what is in the breasts (of men). (Pickthall)
64.4. Er weiß, was in den Himmeln und auf der Erde ist, und Er weiß, was ihr geheimhaltet und was ihr offenlegt, und Allah kennt das Innere der Gemüter. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
64.4. Er weiß, was in den Himmeln und auf der Erde ist, und Er weiß, was ihr geheimhaltet und was ihr offenlegt. Und Allah weiß über das Innerste der Brüste Bescheid. (Bubenheim)
64.4. Er weiss alles, was es in den Himmeln und auf der Erde gibt, und Er weiß, was ihr geheimhaltet und was ihr offen äußert. Gott kennt das Verborgene genau. (Azhar)
64.4. ER kennt das in den Himmeln und auf Erden. Und ER weiß, was ihr verheimlicht und was ihr offenlegt. Und ALLAH ist allwissend über das in den Brüsten. (Zaidan)
64.4. Er weiß (alles), was im Himmel und auf Erden ist, und was ihr geheimhaltet, und was ihr bekanntgebt. Er weiß Bescheid über das, was die Menschen in ihrem Innern (an Gedanken und Gesinnungen) hegen. (Paret)
64.4. Er weiß, was in den Himmeln und auf Erden ist, und Er weiß, was ihr geheimhaltet und was ihr offenkundig tut; und Allah kennt alles, was in den Herzen ist. (Rasul)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 1 bis 4
Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth is glorifying Allah. ( 1 ) His is the Sovereignty ( 2 ) and His the Praise ( 3 ) and He has power over all. ( 4 ) He it is Who created you; yet some of you are disbelievers and some are believers, ( 5 ) and Allah sees whatever you do. ( 6 ) He has created the heavens and the earth with the truth and has shaped you, and shaped you well, and to Him you have to return in the end. ( 7 ) He has the knowledge of everything in the heavens and the earth: He knows whatever you hide and whatever you reveal, ( 8 ) and He knows the very secrets of the hearts. ( 9 )
Desc No: 1 For explanation, see E.N. I of the commentary on Surah AI-Hadid. A study of the following theme by itself shows why the discourse has ban begun with this sentence. What has been stated below about the Universe and Man is that Allah alone is their Creator, Master, Ruler, and He has not made this universe without purpose and wisdom, that Man has not been created and left irresponsible, so that he may act as he may please, and there should be nobody to call him to account, and that the Ruler of this universe is not a care-free and ignorant king so that he may have no knowledge of what is happening in his kingdom. The best introduction to this theme could be the same as has been couched in this brief sentence. In view of the context, the introduction means: In whichever direction you may turn your gaze, from the earth to the limitless vastnesses of the heavens, you will clearly see that everything from a particle to the great galaxies not only testifies to the existence of God but also bears evidence that its God is free from every defcet. every weakness and error. Had them been the least probability of a defect or fault, weakness or deficiency, in His essence and attributes, in His acts and decrees, this perfect and wise system could not have come into being at all, nor continue to function so consistently and immutably from eternity to eternity.
Desc No: 2 That is, "The Kingdom of the universe solely belongs to Him. He has not just created it and Ieft it alone after giving it the initial push, but He alone is actually ruling over it every moment. No one else has any role or share whatever in this rule and sovereignty. If others possess temporarily and on a limited scale some powers of ownership or rule somewhere in the universe, these are not their personal powers, which they might have acquired by virtue of their own power, but these have been granted to them by Allah. They possess these powers as long as Allah wills, and they can be withdrawn as and when He so desires."
Desc No: 3 In other words; He alone is worthy of all praise. Whatever other being has any praiseworthy quality, it has ban granted by Allah. And if hamd (praise) be taken in the sense of shukr (thankfulness), the meaning would be: In reality Allah alone is worthy of being thanked, for all. good things in the world have been created by Him, and He alone is the teal Benefactor of all kinds of creation. When we thank another being for favour, we thank it for the reason that Allah conveyed His blessing thought it or him to us, otherwise neither the being itself is the creator of the blessing nor could it convey the blessing to you without Allah's permission and help.
Desc No: 4 That is, "He is the possessor of absolute power: He can do whatever. He wills, there is no power to restrain or limit His Omnipotence.
Desc No: 5 It has four meanings and all arc correct in their respective places:
First, that "He alone is your Creator, yet some of you deny His being the Creator and others acknowledge this tnrth. " This meaning becomes obvious when the first and the second sentences arc read together.
Second. that "He Himself has created you with the nature that if you choose to adopt unbelief, you may do so, and if you choose to affirm belief, you may do so. He has not compelled you to either accept or reject the Faith therefore, you yourselves arc responsible for your adopting belief or unbelief." This meaning is confirmed by the following sentence: "Allah sees whatever you do." That is, By giving you this choice He has put you to the test, and He is watching how you exercise this choice."
The third meaning is. "He had created you with a sound, wholesome nature, which demanded that you should all adopt the way of the Faith, yet some of you adopted unbelief, which was opposed to the nature and purpose of their creation, and some of you adopted the way of the Faith, which was in conformity with their nature This theme becomes obvious when this verse is read along with verse 30 of Surah Ar-Rum which says: "Set your face sincerely and truly towards Faith, and be steadfast on the Nature whereupon Allah has created mankind. There can be no alteration in the Nature made by Allah. This is the right and true Faith.' And this very theme is explained by several Ahadith in which the Holy Prophet (upon whom be Allah's peace) has repeatedly stated that every man has been created on true human nature; then polytheism and deviation befall him from outside (For futher explanation, see E.N.'s 42 to 47 of the commentary of Surah Ar-Rum) Here, it may he pointed out that no Divine Book has ever presented the concept oú man's being a sinner by birth, which Christianity has embraced as its fundamental doctrine for 1,500 years. Recently even Catholic scholars themselves have started expressing the view that there is no basis for this doctrine in the Bible. The famous German biblical scholar Rev. Herbert Haag, writes in his book, Is Original Sin in Scripture "Among the earliest Christians, at least till the 3rd century A.D., there existed no such creed that man was a sinner by birth, and when this idea started spreading among the people, the Christian scholars continued to contradict it for two centuries. At last in the 5th century A.D. St Augustine by the power of his logic made this idea a part of the fundamental beliefs of Christianity: 'Mankind is heir to the original sin committed by Adam, and there is no way to salvation for man except through the Atonement made by Christ."
The fourth meaning is: "Only Allah brought you into existence from nonexistence: you were not, then you became. This was such a simple thing that if you had thought over it seriously and seen that life is the actual blessing through which you are benefiting by the other blessings in the world, none of you would have adopted the attitude of disbelief and rebellion against your Creator. But some of you did not give it due thought, or thought wrongly, and adopted the way of disbelief, and some others adopted the same way of belief and faith which was the very demand of correct thinking.
Desc No: 6 In this sentence "seeing" does not merely mean to see, but it automatically gives the meaning that man will be rewarded or punished according to his actions and deeds. It is just like a master's taking a person into service and then telling him: "I shall sec how you perform your duties," which implies: "If you perform your duties well, 1 shall reward you fully; otherwise I shall call you to account for your negligence."
Desc No: 7 In this verse three things have been stated in their sequence, which are well connected logically:
First, it has been said that Allah has created this universe with the tnrth. When the word "with the truth" is spoken for a news, it means a true news; when it is spoken for a command, it means a command based on justice; when it is spoken for a statement, it means a correct statement; and when it is used for an act, it implies an act which is wise, reasonable and useful. Now, khalq (to create) is an act; therefore, to say that the universe has been created with the truth, would inevitably mean that the universe has not been created for fun but it is a serious work of a Wise Creator: everything in it has a rational object and purpose, and the element of its being purposeful is so evident that if a sensible person understands the nature of a thing well, it cannot be difficult for him to know the rational and wise purpose for which it has been created. All of modern science testifies that whenever man has succeeded in understanding the true nature of a thing by careful thought, research and investigation, he has also come to know eventually the purpose and object of its creation, and this understanding of its purpose has led him to countless inventions which are now being used in civilized human life. This could not be possible, had this universe been the plaything of a carefree person, devoid of any wisdom and purpose. (For further explanation, see E.N. 46 of AIAn-am, E.N. 11 of Yunus, E.N. 26 of Ibrahim, E.N. 46 of Ati-Nahl, E.N.'s 15, 16 of AI-Anbiya, E.N. 102 of Al-Mu'nunun, E.N. 75 of Al-'Ankabut, E.N. 6 of Ar-Rum, E.N. 34 of Ad-Dukhan, B.N. 28 of AI-Jathiyah).
Secondly, it has been said that in this universe Allah has created man in the best shape. Shape here does not imply only man's fact but his whole bodily structure; it also inclusions all those powers and abilities which man has been granted to function in this world.In both these aspects man has been given the best shape and form among the creatures of the earth, and on the same basis he has become worthy to rule over all the universe. He has been given an erect stature he has been given most appropriate feet to walk on; he has given most suitable hands to work with; he has been given such senses and organs to acquire knowledge by which he obtains every kind of information; he has been given a powerful mind to think and understand and deduce results from the body of acquired information; he has been given a moral sense and a power of discrimination by which he distinguishes between good and evil, right and wrong; he has been given the power of decision by using which he selects his own course of action, and decides as to where he should employ his efforts and where he should not. He has even been given the freedom that he may acknowledge his ('rector and serve Him if he so likes and reject Him if he pleases, or may make whomever he likes his gods, or rebel even against Him Whom he regards as his God. Along with all these capabilities and powers Allah has granted him the authority to appropriate everything created by Him, and he is practically using this authority in the world. (For further explanation, see E.N. 91 of Al-Mu'min).
The third thing which logically follows from the first two. as explained above has been stated in the third sentence of the verse "To Him you have to return in the end.' Obviously, when a creature endowed with power and authority has been created in a wise and purposeful system of the universe, wisdom dces not require that he should be left to live irresponsibly in the world, but it necessarily requires that that creature should be accountable to the Being Who has granted it this position and rank and blessed it with these powers; 'Returning" in this verse dces not merelu mean to return but to return for accountability. In the following verses it has been explained that this return will not be in this life but into the second life after death, and its right time will he when all mankind will be resurrected and gathered together simultaneously for accountability, and in consequence of the accountability man will be rewarded or punished on the ground whether he had used the powers given him by God in the right way or the wrong way. As for the question, why cannot this accountability be held in the present lift of the world? and why is its right time only the second lift after death'? and why is it necessary that this accountability be held only when all mankind has passed away from this world, and all the former and the latter generations have been resurrected and gathered together simultaneously? If man only uses his common sense a little, he can understand that all this is perfectly rational as well as the very demand of wisdom and reason that accountability should be held in the second lift and of all mankind together. The first reason is that man is accountable for his whole life-work. Therefore, the right time of his accountability should necessarily be when his life-work has come to an end. The sccond reason is that man is responsible for all those effects and influences which he produces by his acts on the lives of others, and those influences and effects do not come to an end with his death but continue to influence others till ages after him Therefore, true accountability call he held only when the life-work of entire mankind has come to an end and all the former and the latter generations are gathered together simultaneously for accountability. (For further explanation, see E.N. 30 of AI-,A'raf. E.N.'s 10, 11 of Yunus E.N. 105 of Hud E.N. 35 of An-Nahl, E.N. 9 of AI-Hajj, E.N. 27 of An.Naml, E.N.'s 5,6 of Ar-Rum, E.N.'s 29, 30 of Suad, E.N. 80 of AI-Mu'min, E.N.'s 27 to 29 of Al-Jathiyah)
Desc No: 8 Another translation can be: "Whatever you da secretly and whatever openly."
Desc No: 9 That is, "He is aware not only of those acts of tnan, which come to the notice of the people but He knows also those acts which remain hidden from them. Moreover, He dces not only see the superficial form of the acts, but also knows what intention and purpose underlay each act of man and with what motive and aim he did whatever he did- This is such a truth that if man ponders over it seriously, he can fully well understand that justice can be done only in the Hereafter, and only in God's Court can real justice be possibly done. Man's own intellect itself demands that man must be punished for each of his crimes. But everyone knows that in the world most of the crimes remain hidden. or the culprit escapes punishment because of insufficient evidence, or even if the crime becomes revealed, the culprit is so influential and powerful that he cannot be punished. Then the intellect of man also requires that man should not be punished only because his behaviour resembles a criminal act, but it should be ascertained that he has committed the act intentionally and deliberately and at the time he committed it, he was acting as a responsible agent, his intention in actual fact was to commit the crime, and he knew that what he was doing was a crime. That is why the worldly courts inquire into these things when they decide the cases, and regard such an inquiry as a demand of the rule of justice. Burt is there any means available in the world by which these things may be precisely ascertained beyond every shadow of doubt? Considered from this.viewpoint, this verse also bears a deep logical relevance to Allah Almighty's saying: e has created the earth and the heavens with Truth." The necessary demand of creating them with Truth is that perfect justice should prevail in this universe. Such justice can be established only when every act of a responsible man may not only remain concealed from the eyes of the one administering justice but the intention with which a person performed and act also should not remain hidden from him. And obviously, there cannot be any being, apart from the Creator of the universe, who can administer such justice, Now, if a person denies Allah and the Hereafter, he in fact, asserts that we humans live in a universe which is devoid of justice, which is rather a place where justice cannot possibly be done. The person whose intellect, mind and conscience feel satisfied at such an assumption would be a shameless creature if be thought he was bing progressive and rationalistic and those people antiquated and retrogressive who accept a highly rational concept about the universe, which the Qur'an presents. "
64.5. Hath not the story reached you of those who disbelieved of old and so did taste the ill effects of their conduct, and theirs will be a painful doom. (Pickthall)
64.5. Ist nicht die Nachricht zu euch gekommen von denjenigen, die vorher den Glauben verweigerten, und sie haben die schlimmen Folgen ihrer Angelegenheit geschmeckt, und für sie gab es schmerzende Strafe? (Ahmad v. Denffer)
64.5. Ist zu euch nicht die Kunde von denjenigen gekommen, die zuvor ungläubig waren und dann die schlimmen Folgen ihres Verhaltens kosteten? Und für sie wird es schmerzhafte Strafe geben. (Bubenheim)
64.5. Ist euch nicht die Nachricht über die früheren Ungläubigen zugekommen? Sie bekamen die schlimmen Folgen ihrer Untaten (im irdischen Leben) zu spüren, und auf sie wartet eine qualvolle Strafe. (Azhar)
64.5. Kam zu euch etwa nicht die Mitteilung über diejenigen, die vorher Kufr betrieben?! Dann erfuhren sie die bösen Konsequenzen ihrer Angelegenheit, und für (sie) ist qualvolle Peinigung bestimmt. (Zaidan)
64.5. Ist (denn) zu euch nicht die Kunde von denen gekommen, die früher ungläubig waren, und die die bösen Folgen ihrer Handlungsweise (wabaala amrihim) zu fühlen bekamen? Sie haben (dereinst) eine schmerzhafte Strafe zu erwarten. (Paret)
64.5. Ist nicht die Geschichte von denen, die zuvor ungläubig waren, zu euch gekommen? So kosteten sie die bösen Folgen ihres Betragens, und ihnen wird eine qualvolle Strafe zuteil sein. (Rasul)
64.6. That was because their messengers (from Allah) kept coming unto them with clear proofs (of Allah ' s sovereignty), but they said: Shall mere mortals guide us? So they disbelieved and turned away, and Allah was independent (of them). Allah is Absolute, Owner of Praise. (Pickthall)
64.6. Dies, weil immer zu ihnen ihre Gesandten mit den klaren Beweisen gekommen waren, und sie sagten: "Menschenwesen leiten uns recht?" Also haben sie den Glauben verweigert, und sie haben sich abgekehrt, und Allah kommt ohne sie aus, und Allah ist reich, gelobt. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
64.6. Dies, weil ihre Gesandten immer wieder zu ihnen mit den klaren Beweisen kamen, sie aber sagten: "Sollen (etwa) menschliche Wesen uns rechtleiten?" So wurden sie ungläubig und kehrten sich ab. Doch Allah bedurfte (ihrer) nicht, und Allah ist Unbedürftig und Lobenswürdig. (Bubenheim)
64.6. Ihre Gesandten brachten ihnen die Beweiszeichen. Da sagten sie: "Sollen Menschen uns zum rechten Weg leiten?" Sie leugneten und wandten sich ab. Gott ist auf ihren Glauben nicht angewiesen. Gott ist reich und preiswürdig. (Azhar)
64.6. Dies, weil ihre Gesandten zu ihnen doch mit klaren Zeichen zu kommen pflegten, dann sagten sie: „Menschen leiten uns recht?“ Dann betrieben sie Kufr und wandten sich ab. Und ALLAH ist auf niemanden angewiesen. Und ALLAH ist absolut autark, alllobenswürdig. (Zaidan)
64.6. Dies darum, daß ihre Gesandten mit den klaren Beweisen (baiyinaat) zu ihnen kamen, worauf sie sagten: "Sollen (etwa) Menschen (baschar) uns rechtleiten?", ungläubig waren und sich abwandten. Doch Allah war nicht (auf sie) angewiesen (wa-staghnaa llaahu). Er ist reich und des Lobes würdig. (Paret)
64.6. Dies (soll so sein), weil ihre Gesandten mit klaren Beweisen zu ihnen kamen, sie aber sagten: "Sollen Menschen uns rechtleiten?" Also glaubten sie nicht und wandten sich ab, doch Allah hat dies nicht nötig; und Allah ist auf keinen angewiesen, des Lobes Würdig. (Rasul)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 5 bis 6
Has not the news reached you of those who had disbelieved before this, and then tasted the evil results of their deeds? And in the Hereafter there awaits them a painful torment. ( 10 ) They deserved this fate because their Messengers came to them with clear Signs, ( 11 ) but they said, "Shall mere human beings show us guidance?" ( 12 ) So they refused to believe and turned away; then Allah also became indifferent to them, and Allah is indeed Independent and worthy of all praise. ( 13 )
Desc No: 10 That is, "The evil that they tasted in the world in consequence of their misdeeds was neither the real punishment of their crimes nor the full punishment. The real and full punishment they have yet to suffer in the Hereafter. However, the people can learn a lesson from the torment that visited them. They can see how the nations which adopted an attitude of unbelief against their Lord, went an degenerating and consequently met with an evil and disgraceful end." (For further explanation, see E.N.'s 5, 6 of Al-A'raf, E.N. 105 of Hud).
Desc No: 11 The word bayyinet as used in the original has a vast meaning. Bayyin (sing. of bayyinat in Arabic is something which is very clear and manifest. Saying about the Prophets that they came with bayyinat gives the meaning that firstly, they brought such manifest signs as bore clear testimony to their having been appointed by Allah; secondly, they presented whatever they presented with rational and clear arguments; thirdly, there was no ambiguity in their teaching; they clearly explained what was the truth and what was falsehood. what was lawful and what was unlawful, what path man should follow and what he should avoid.
Desc No: 12 This was then the foremost and basic cause of their degenenation and ruin Mankind could not have known the right course of action in the world unless their Creator gave them the correct knowledge, and there could be no practical means of bestowing such knowledge by the Creator unless He blessed some of the human beings with the knowledge and entrusted them with the duty to convey it to other human beings. For this purpose He sent the Prophets with the manifest Signs bayyinat) so that there was-no reasonable ground for the people to doubt their being on the truth. But the people refused to believe that a human being could be a Messenger of God. Then, obviously there could be no other way for them to receive guidance. (For further explanation, see E.N. 11 of Surah Ya Sin). In this connection, however, a strange manifestation of the ignorance and folly of human beings is seen. They have in fact, never shown any hesitation in accepting the guidance of men, so much so that they have caryed out gods of wood and stone according to their guidance, they have made human beings themselves God, the incarnation of God, even son of God. and they have adopted such strange viewpoints by following the guidance of their mis-leaders blindly, which ruined human civilization and morals altogether. But when the Messengers of God came to them with the truth, and they presented the pure Truth before them without any selfish motive, they said, "Shall mere human beings show us guidance?" This amounted to saying that if a human begin misled them, they would follow his guidance willingly, but if he showed the right path to them, his guidance was not acceptable.
Desc No: 13 That is, when they treated the guidance sent down by Allah with indifference, then Allah also became indifferent to them and did not care what pit they fell in. Allah did not stand in need of their aknowledging Him God to sustain and support His Godhead. Nor was He in need of their worship, nor of their praise and adoration. He, in fact, willed to show them the right path only for their own good and well-being. But when they turned away from it, Allah also became heedless of them. Then, neither He gave them guidance, nor remained responsible for their protection, nor saved them from being afflicted with calamities, nor prevented them from bringing about their own ruin for they themselves were not keen for His guidance and help. "
64.7. Those who disbelieve assert that they will not be raised again. Say (unto them, O Muhammad): Yea, verily, by my Lord! ye will be raised again and then ye will be informed of what ye did; and that is easy for Allah. (Pickthall)
64.7. Es geben diejenigen vor, die den Glauben verweigert haben, daß sie sicher nicht auferweckt werden. Sag: Ja doch, bei meinem Herrn, ganz bestimmt werdet ihr auferweckt, dann wird euch ganz bestimmt verkündet, was ihr getan habt, und dies ist für Allah leicht! (Ahmad v. Denffer)
64.7. Diejenigen, die ungläubig sind, behaupten, daß sie nicht auferweckt werden. Sag: Aber ja doch, bei meinem Herrn, ihr werdet ganz gewiß auferweckt werden; hierauf wird euch ganz gewiß das Kundgetan, was ihr getan habt. Und dies ist Allah ein leichtes. (Bubenheim)
64.7. Die Ungläubigen behaupten, dass sie nicht auferweckt würden. Sprich: "Doch, bei meinem Herrn! Ihr werdet auferweckt werden, und dann werdet ihr über eure Taten aufgeklärt werden. Das ist für Gott ein leichtes." (Azhar)
64.7. Diejenigen, die Kufr betrieben haben, behaupteten, dass sie nicht erweckt werden. Sag : ‚Doch, mit Sicherheit, bei meinem HERRN! Ihr werdet doch erweckt, dann wird euch zweifelsohne Mitteilung gemacht über das, was ihr getan habt. Und dies ist für ALLAH etwas Leichtes.“ (Zaidan)
64.7. Diejenigen, die ungläubig sind, behaupten, sie würden (dereinst) nicht (vom Tod) erweckt werden. Sag: Doch, bei meinem Herrn! Ihr werdet bestimmt erweckt werden. Hierauf wird man euch Kunde geben über das, was ihr (in eurem Erdenleben) getan habt. Dies (zu bewerkstelligen) ist Allah ein leichtes. (Paret)
64.7. Diejenigen, die da ungläubig sind, behaupten, sie würden nicht auferweckt werden. Sprich: "Doch, bei meinem Herrn, ihr werdet gewiß auferweckt werden; dann wird euch gewiß verkündet, was ihr getan habt. Und das ist für Allah ein leichtes." (Rasul)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 7 bis 7
The disbelievers assert that they shall never be raised up from death. ( 14 ) Say to them, "Nay, by my Lord! You shall certainly be raised up; ( 15 ) then certainly you shall be told what you have done (in the world), ( 16 ) and this is an easy thing for Allah to do." ( 17 )
Desc No: 14 That is, "This was the second basic error in which the deniers of the Tnrth have been involved in every age, and which has ultimately brought about their ruin. Although no denier of the Hereafter ever had any means of knowing, nor has he today, nor will he have in the future, that there is no life after death, vet these ignorant people have always asserted the same thing, whereas there neither exists any intellectual basis for denying the Hereafter with absolute certainty nor any scientific basis for it.
Desc No: 15 This is the third place where Allah Almighty has instructed His Prophet to tell the people by swearing an oath by his Lord that such a thing shall certainly happen. First, in Surah Yunus, it was said: "They ask: Is what you say really true Tel! them: Yes, by my Lord, it is absolutely true and you have no power to avert it.;(v. 53). Then, in Surah Saba, it was said: "The disbelievers say: How is it that Resurrection is not overtaking us? Say, by my Lord, it will surely overtake you.' (v. 3)
Here, the question arises: What difference does it make for a disbeliever in the Hereafter whether you give him the news of its coming by swearing an oath or without swearing an oath? when he does not believe in it at all, will he believe in it only because you arc asserting this on oath? The answer is: In the first place, the addressees of the Holy Prophet (upon whom be Allah s peace) were the people, who knew from their personal knowledge and experience that he had never uttered a lie in his life. Therefore, even if they might have forged the most shameless slander against him with their tongue, yet in their hearts they could never conceive that a truthful man like him could say a thing on oath by Allah of which he himself was not convinced by knowledge and experience. Secondly, the Holy Prophet did not only present the doctrine of the Hereafter but also gave highly rational Arguments for it. What distinguishes a Prophet from others is that the arguments, however strong and cogent, that others may give for the Hereafter, can at the most make the listener admit that the occurrence of the Hereafter is more reasonable and probable than its absence. On the contrary, a Prophet stands at A notch higher level than a philosospher. His real position is not that be has arrived at the conclusion of the necessity of the Hereafter by the exercise of reason But his real position is that he has the knowledge that the Hereafter shall occur and says with conviction that it shall surely occur. Therefore, only a Prophet can swear an oath to declare this but not a philosopher. Then, faith in the Hereafter can be generated only by a 'Prophet's statement; the reasoning of a philosopher does not have the power to induce even himself to adopt it as his religious creed on the basis of his own argument, not to speak of another person. if the philosopher is really correct, he cannot go beyond 'should be or ought to be;' only a Prophet can assert with conviction that a thing "is and certainly is."
Desc No: 16 This is the purpose for which the children of Adam will be resurrected; this also contains the answer to the question: what is the special need for it? If one keeps in view what has been discussed con cerning vv. 1.4 above, one can easily understand that in this universe, which has been created with the tnrth, it would be highly unreasonable to imagine about man who has been given freedom to choose either belief or unbelief, who has been granted authority to appropriate many of the things in this universe, and who after choosing the way of belief or unbelief has accomplished much good or done evil on his own responsibility by making the right or the wrong use of his authority during his life, that when he has done all this , the good done by the virtuous and the evil committed by the criminal one should neither bear any fruit, nor should there be any time when his deeds and actions should be subjected to security The person who asserts such an irrational thing inevitably commits one of the two absurdities: either he thinks that although this universe is based on wisdom, yet a creature like ntan, who has been endowed with authority, has been created and left irresponsible here; or he thinks that this universe is a random creation devoid of the wisdom of a Wise Creator. In the first place, he makes a contradictory statement, for the existence of an irresponsible creature, endowed with authority. in a miverse based on wisdom, is clearly against justice and wisdom. In the second case, he cannot give any rational being like man should come into being in a haphazardly created, foolish universe, and how he conceived the idea of justice. Only a stubborn person could uphold the belief that folly could generate wisdom and injustice justice, or the one who has become a mental patient because of his obsession for hair splitting.
Desc No: 17 This is the second argument for the Hereafter. The first argument was for its necessity and this second is for its possibility. Obviously, when God could create such a grand and wonderful system of the universe without any difficulty and when He could create human beings in the world in the first instance, it cannot be difficult for Him to resurrect the same human beings and summon them before Himself for the purpose of accountability.
64.8. So believe in Allah and His messenger and the light which We have revealed. And Allah is Aware of what ye do. (Pickthall)
64.8. Also glaubt an Allah und Seinen Gesandten und das Licht, das Wir herabgesandt haben, und Allah ist dessen, was ihr tut, kundig. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
64.8. Darum glaubt an Allah und Seinen Gesandten und das Licht, das Wir hinabgesandt haben. Und Allah ist dessen, was ihr tut, Kundig. (Bubenheim)
64.8. Glaubt an Gott, Seinen Gesandten und an das Licht, das Wir herabgesandt haben! Gott weiss genau, was ihr tut. (Azhar)
64.8. Also verinnerlicht den Iman an ALLAH, Seinen Gesandten und das Licht, das WIR hinabsandten. Und ALLAH ist dessen, was ihr tut, allkundig. (Zaidan)
64.8. Darum glaubt an Allah und seinen Gesandten und an das Licht, das wir (zu euch) hinabgesandt haben! Allah ist wohl darüber unterrichtet, was ihr tut. (Paret)
64.8. Darum glaubt an Allah und Seinen Gesandten und an das Licht, das Wir herniedergesandt haben. Und Allah ist dessen wohl kundig, was ihr tut. (Rasul)
64.9. The day when He shall gather you unto the Day of Assembling, that will be a day of mutual disillusion. And whoso believeth in Allah and doeth right, He will remit from him his evil deeds and will bring him into Gardens underneath which rivers flow, therein to abide for ever. That is the supreme triumph. (Pickthall)
64.9. Am Tag, wenn Er euch alle versammelt zum Tag des Versammelns, das ist der Tag des einander Übervorteilens, und wer an Allah glaubt und Rechtschaffenes tut, von dem nimmt Er seine Schlechtigkeiten, und Er läßt ihn in Gärten hineingehen, unter denen Gewässer fließen, ewig sind sie dort, für immer, dies ist der gewaltige Gewinn, (Ahmad v. Denffer)
64.9. Am Tag, da Er euch zum Tag der Versammlung versammeln wird. Das ist der Tag der Übervorteilung´. Wer an Allah glaubt und rechtschaffen handelt, dem tilgt Er seine bösen Taten, und den wird Er in Gärten eingehen lassen, durcheilt von Bächen, ewig und auf immer darin zu bleiben; das ist der großartige Erfolg. (Bubenheim)
64.9. Einst wird Er euch zum Tag der Versammlung, dem Jüngsten Tag, zusammenführen. Das ist der Tag der ?bervorteilung. Wer an Gott glaubt und gute Werke verrichtet, dem tilgt Gott seine ?beltaten und führt ihn in Paradiesgärten, unterhalb derer Flüsse fließen. Darin werden sie ewig bleiben. Das ist der große Gewinn. (Azhar)
64.9. (Erinnere) an den Tag, wenn er euch zum Tag des Zusammenbringens zusammenbringt. Dies ist der (Anklage-)Tag wegen Übervorteilung. Und wer den Iman verinnerlicht und gottgefällig guttut, dem vergibt ER seine gottmißfälligen Taten und lässt ihn in Dschannat eintreten, die von Flüssen durchflossen sind, ewig sind sie darin für immer. Dies ist der gewaltige Gewinn. (Zaidan)
64.9. Am Tag (des Gerichts), da er euch zum Tag der Versammlung (von überallher) zusammenbringen wird! Das ist der Tag, da man sich gegenseitig zu übervorteilen sucht (? yaumu t-taghaabuni). Denen, die an Allah glauben und tun, was recht ist, tilgt er (dann) ihre schlechten Taten. Und er läßt sie in Gärten eingehen, in deren Niederungen Bäche fließen, und in denen sie ewig weilen werden. Das ist dann das große Glück (al-fauz al-`aziem). (Paret)
64.9. Der Zeitpunkt, wo Er euch am Tage der Versammlung versammeln wird - das wird der Tag des verlorenen Gewinns sein. Und wer an Allah glaubt und das Rechte tut - Er wird seine Übel von ihm nehmen und wird ihn in Gärten führen, durch die Bäche fließen, worin (sie) auf ewig verweilen. Das ist das große Glück. (Rasul)
64.10. But those who disbelieve and deny Our revelations, such are owners of the Fire; they will abide therein a hapless journey ' s end! (Pickthall)
64.10. Und diejenigen, die den Glauben verweigert haben und Unsere Zeichen geleugnet haben, diese sind die Gefährten des Feuers, ewig sind sie dort, und ganz elend ist das letztendliche Sein. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
64.10. Und diejenigen, die ungläubig sind und Unsere Zeichen für Lüge erklären, das sind Insassen des (Höllen)feuers, ewig darin zu bleiben - ein schlimmer Ausgang! (Bubenheim)
64.10. Die Ungläubigen, die Unsere Zeichen leugnen, das sind die Bewohner der Hölle. Darin werden sie ewig bleiben. Welch schlimmes Ende! (Azhar)
64.10. Und diejenigen, die Kufr betrieben und Unsere Ayat ableugneten, diese sind die Weggenossen des Feuers, ewig darin sind sie. Und erbärmlich ist das Werden. (Zaidan)
64.10. Diejenigen aber, die ungläubig sind und unsere Zeichen für Lüge erklären, werden Insassen des Höllenfeuers sein und (ewig) darin weilen - ein schlimmes Ende! (Paret)
64.10. Diejenigen aber, die ungläubig sind und Unsere Zeichen leugnen, sollen die Bewohner des Feuers sein. Darin bleiben sie auf ewig; und das ist eine schlimme Bestimmung! (Rasul)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 8 bis 10
Therefore, believe in Allah and His Messenger and in the Light that We have sent down. ( 18 ) Allah is aware of whatever you do. (You shall know this) when He will gather you together on the Day of Gathering. ( 19 ) That wil be a Day of mutual Loss and Gain ( 20 ) among the people. Whoever believes in Allah and does good works, ( 21 ) Allah shall shake off his sins and will admit him into Gardens, underneath which canals will be flowing, to dwell therein for ever. This is the supreme success! And those who disbelieve and treat Our Revelations as false, ( 22 ) shall be the inhabitants of Hell to dwell therein for ever, and that is a most evil abode!
Desc No: 18 That is, "When this is the truth and the whole human history testifies that the real cause of the destruction of the nations has been their disbelieving the Messengers and their denial of the Hereafter, then they should not insist on meeting the same doom by following their example, but should believe in the guidance presented by Allah and His Messenger and the Qur'an." Here, as the context itself shows, by "the Light that We have sent down", is mant the Qur'an Just as light itself is clearly seen and reveals everything that was hidden in darkness around it, so is the Qur'an a Light whose being based on the truth is self-evident ; in its Light man can solve and understand every problem that he cannot solve and understand exclusively by means of his own knowledge and in tellect Anyone who has the Light can clearly see the straight path of Truth out of the countless, crooked paths of thought and action, and can follow the Straight Path throughout life in such a way that at every step he can know where the crooked by-paths are misleading and where the pitfalls of destruction are situated on the way, and what is the path of safety and security among them.
Desc No: 19 "The Day of Gathering": the Resurrection, when all human beings horn in the world from the beginning of creation till the Last Day will be gathered together simultaneously. This theme has been fully explained in the Qur'an at several places; e.g. in Surah Hud it has been said: "That will b: the Day when all the people shall gather together and will witness everything that will happen there." (v 103) And in Surah Al-Waqi'ah: "Say to them; Surely, the former and the latter, all shall be gathered together one day, the hour of which has already been appointed." (v. 50).
Desc No: 20 The word yaum-ut-taghabun as used in the original is too vast in meaning to be explained in a word, or even a sentence, of any other language. Of al! the names of the Resurrection that occur in the Qur'an, this name probably i5 the most meaningful Therefore, a little explanation is necessary to understand its meaning.
Taghabun is from ghabn, which can be pronounced both as ghabn and as ghaban. Ghabn is mostly used concerning commercial and business transactions and ghaban concerning opinion. Lexically, it has other meanings also, e.g. heedlessness, forgetfulness, a person's being deprived of his share, a man's harming another inadvertently in business or mutual dealing, etc.
The derivative taghabun implies the occurrence of ghabn between two or more persons. Thus, taghabun al-qaum means some people's treating others fraudulently. or a person's harming another person and the other's being harmed and damaged by him, or one's taking away the share of another and the other's being deprived of his share, or a person's incurring loss in business and another's gaining a profit, or some people's proving heedless or weak-minded in comparison to others.
Now consider that in this verse it has been said about the Resurrection: 'That will be a Day of taghabun (mutual loss and gain) among the people." These words automatically givc the meaning that in the world taghabun is a common thing, but this taghabun is superficial and deceptive, not the real and factual taghabun the real taghabun will take place on the Day of Resurrection. There it will become manifest as to who actually incurred the loss and who actually earned the profits, who actually was deceived and who proved to be prudent and sensible. who actually had invested all his life capital in a wrong bargain and become bankrupt and who had invested all his energies and abilities. wealth and time, in 8 good bargain and earned all the benefits and gains. which the former also could have earned had he not been deceived in understanding the truth about the world.
The commentators while explaining the meaning of Yawn-ut-taghabun have given several meanings of it, which are all correct, and throw light on different aspects of its meaning. Some commentators have explained that on that Day the dwellers of Paradise will take away that share of the dwellers of Hell which they would have had in Paradise had they done good deeds in the world as did the dwellers of Paradise and the dwellers of Hell will take away that share of the people of Paradise, which they would have had in Hell had they done evil deeds is the world. This is supported by a Hadith, which Bukhari has rdated in kitab ar-Riqaq. on the authority of Hadrat Abu Hurairah, saying that the Holy Prophet said: 'Whoever goes to Paradise will be shown the place which he would have had in Hell had he done evil deeds in the world so that he may givc more and more thanks to God; and whoever goes to Hell will be shown the place which he would have had in Paradise had he done good deeds in the world so that he may feel more ahd more remorseful."
Some other commentators say that on that Day the wronged one will take away so many of the good deeds done by the wrongdoer as may be a suitable compensation for the wrong suffered, or the wrongdoer will be equal in weight with his usurped rights. For on the Day of Resurrection man will not possess any wealth which he thay give to make up for the wrong done, there the only commodity worth exchange will be one's conduct. Therefore, whoever had wronged another in the world, will have to make up for the wrong done by surrendering some of his own good deeds in his favour, or by taking some of his sins on himself and suffering the punishment for them. This theme also has been reported from the Holy Prophet (upon whom be Allah's peace) in Ahadith. In Bukhari (Kitab ar-Riqaq) a tradition has been related from Hadrat Abu Hurairah, saying that the Holy Prophet said: "Whoever bears a burden of a wrong done to his brothel, should compensate him for it here, for in the Hereafter no one will have any wealth or money for compensation. There, some of his good deeds will he taken from him and given away to the wronged person, or if he did not have enough good deeds, some of the sins of the wronged person will be transferred to him." Likewise, in Musnad Ahmad there is a tradition from Hadrat Jabir bin 'Abdullah bin Unais. sag that the Holy Prophet said: "No dweller of Paradise will enter Paradise and no dweller of Hell will enter Hell until he will have compensated the other person for the wrong done to him so much so that one will have to compensate even for a slap given to another person. We asked; How will this compensation be made when on Resurrectton we shall be naked and penniless? The Holy Prophet rcplied:Compensation will he made by means of the good deeds and the evil deeds." In Muslim and Musnad Ahmad there is a tradition from Hadrat Abu Hurairah, saying that the Holy Prophet upon whom by Allah's peace) once asked the people sitting in his assembly; "Do you know who is poor? The people replied: He who has nothing to possess The Holy Prophet said: In my Ummah the poor is he who appeared before his God on the Day of Resurrection with his acts of the Prayer and the Fast and the payment of the zakat the while he had abused some one, usurped the property of another, and shed blood or hit still another. Then his good deeds were taken away and given over to each of the wronged and when nothing was left of his good deeds to make compensation. sonic of the sins of each wronged one were transferred to him and he was east into Hell." In another Hadith which Muslim and Abu Da'ud have related on the authority of Hadrat. Buraidah, the Holy Prophet said:"If in the absence from home of a soldier for the cause of Allah, a person treats his wife and the people of his house treacherously. the person would be made to stand before the soldier on the Day of Resurrection, and the latter would be asked to take away whatever he liked from his good deeds. Saying this the Holy Prophet turned to us and said Then what do you say? That is, what do you think he would leave with him?"
Some other commentators say that tile word taghabun is mostly used concerning commerce and business, and in the Holy Qur'an at several places the attitude that the believer and the unbeliever adopt in their worldly lives has been compared to trade and commerce. If the believer giving up disobedience adopts obedience and invests his life and wealth and effort for the cause of God. he is giving up a bad bargain and investing his capital in a business which will fetch him much gain and profit in the end. On the contrary, if an unbeliever abandons the way of obedience and invests his entire capital in the way of disobedience to God, he in fact, is a trader who has purchased deviation for guidance, and will incur loss in the end. The gain and the loss of to both will become manifest on the Day of Resurrection. It may well so h happen'in the world that the believer appears to be the loser and the disbeliever the gainer But in the Hereafter they will see who actually had made the right bargain and who the wrong bargain This theme has occurred at many places in the Qur'an,e.g. in AI-Baqarah 16, 175, 207 Al- Imran 77,177 An-Nisa' 74; At-Taubah 111 An-Nahl95, Fatir 29, As-Saff 10.
Yet another from of taghabun is that in the world the people go on cooperating with one another in unbelief and sin, injustice and wickedness, with full peace of mind with the confidence that they are enjoying full mutual love and friendship. The mutual intrigues and comradeship of the members of wicked Families immoral guides and their followers, gangs of thieves and robbers alliances of corrupt and unjust officers and officials, groups of dishonest traders, industrialists and land owners, paroups established for spread deviation, error and mischief, and nations and governments which support and uphold injustice and wickedness in the world, is based on the same confidence. The individuals belonging to each of these groups harbour the impression that they are good companions of one another and their mutual cooperation is proving very successful But when these people reach the Hereafter, they will suddenly wake up to the realization that they had been grievously mistaken and deceived. Each one of them would feel that the one whom he considered his best father brother wife husband child, friend, companion, leader, guide disciple or supporter and helper, had been, in fact, his worst enemy. Every kind of relationship and friendship and bond of love and reverence will change into enmity. They will all abuse and curse each other and each one will desire that maximum responsibility of his crimes be laid an the other and will strive to get him severely punished. This theme also has occurred at many places in the Qur'an, e.g. in AI-Baqrah: 167, AI-A'raf: 37 to 39, Ibrahim 21-22; AI-Mu'minum: 101, Al-'Ankabut: 12,13. 25; Luqman: 33, AI-Ahzab: 67,68; Saba: 31 to 33; Fatir 18: As-Saaffat: 27 to 3: Suad: 59 to 61: Ha Mim: As-Sajdah: 29; Az-Zukhruf; 67; Ad-Dukhan; 41; AI-Ma'arij; 10 to 14: 'Abasa 34 to 3.
Desc No: 21 Believing in Allah does not merely imply believing that Allah exists but believing in Him in the way Allah Himself has taught through His Messenger and His Book. This belief by itself includes belief in Apostleship and belief in the Book. Likewise a good act also does not imply every such act as man may himself have adopted considering it a good act. or following a man-made criterion of morality, but it implies the righteous act that is in accordance with the Law sent down by God. Therefore no one should have the misunderstanding that believing in Allah and doing good deeds, without the medium of the Messenger and the Book will lead to the results being mentioned below. Whoever studies the Qur'an carefully cannot remain unaware that according to it no such belief is genuine belief in Allah and no such act is righteous at all.
Desc No: 22 These words by themselves make manifest the meaning of unbelief(Kufr). Unbelief is nothing but denying the verse of Allah's Book to be Divine Revelation rejecting the truths expressed therein and refusing to follow and obey the commandments given in them; its results are those being mentioned below.
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