33.15. And verily they had already sworn unto Allah that they would not turn their backs (to the foe). An oath to Allah must he answered for. (Pickthall)
33.15. Und sie hatten schon mit Allah als Abmachung getroffen, vorher, daß sie nicht die Rücken kehren, und nach der Abmachung mit Allah wird gefragt. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
33.15. Dabei hatten sie sich zuvor gegenüber Allah verpflichtet, sie würden nicht den Rücken kehren. Nach der (Erfüllung der) Verpflichtung gegenüber Allah wird ge fragt werden. (Bubenheim)
33.15. Sie hatten doch vorher Gott gelobt, nicht zu fliehen. Das ist ein Gelöbnis vor Gott, das eingehalten werden muss. (Azhar)
33.15. Und gewiß, bereits gelobten sie vorher ALLAH: „Sie werden den Rücken nicht flüchtend umkehren.“ Und das ALLAH gegenüber gelobte Versprechen wird immer verantwortet. (Zaidan)
33.15. Dabei hatten sie sich doch früher Allah gegenüber verpflichtet, sie würden nicht den Rücken kehren. Nach der Verpflichtung gegen Allah wird (dereinst) gefragt. (Paret)
33.15. Und sie hatten doch in Wahrheit zuvor mit Allah den Bund geschlossen, daß sie nicht den Rücken zur Flucht wenden würden. Und über den Bund mit Allah muß Rechenschaft abgelegt werden. (Rasul)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 12 bis 15
Remember the time when the hypocrites and all those whose hearts were diseased were openly saying that the promises Allah and His Prophet had made with them ( 22 ) were nothing but a delusion; when a party of them said, "O people of Yathrib, you have no chance to stay, so go back; " ( 23 ) when a section of them sought leave of the Prophet, saying, "Our homes are insecure, " ( 24 ) whereas they were not insecure. ( 25 ) in fact, they wished to flee (the battle front). If the enemies had made entry from all sides of the city, and these people had been urged to treachery, ( 26 ) they would have committed it, and would have little hesitated .to become partners in it. They had indeed already made a pledge with Allah that they would not show their backs; and the pledge made with Allah had to be questioned. ( 27 )
Desc No: 22 That is, "Promises to the effect that the believers will get Allah's support and succour and will be helped to attain victory in the end. "
Desc No: 23 This sentence has two meanings: The apparent meaning is that there is no chance for them to stay at the Trench against the polytheists; therefore, they should return to the city. And the hidden meaning is that there is no chance for them to remain in Islam; therefore, they should return to their ancestral religion, so that they might escape the danger in which they had involved themselves by earning the hostility of the whole of Arabia. The hypocrites uttered such mischievous things so that they could make the one who would listen to them understand the intended hidden meaning, but in case someone took exception to their words, they could say they had been misunderstood.
Desc No: 24 That is, "When the Bani Quraizah also joined the invaders, the hypocrites had a 'good excuse for defection and they started asking the Holy Prophet for leave to go and protect their houses and families, which, they said, had been endangered, whereas at that time the Holy Prophet was responsible for the defence and protection of all the people of Madinah. After the treachery of the Quraizah it was for the Holy Prophet to devise plans for the protection of the city and its people and not of the soldiers of the army individually."
Desc No: 25 That is, "The Holy Prophet had already made arrangements for protection against the danger, which were a part of the collective scheme of defence being implemented by him as Commander of the Islamic forces. Therefore, there was no jmmediate danger in the face of which these people could justifiably make such an excuse. "
Desc No: 26 "Urged to treachery": Urged by the disbelievers to join them to vanquish the Muslims after entering the city as conquerors.
Desc No: 27 That is, "They had felt regret at the weakness they had shown on the occasion of the Battle of Uhud and pledged to Allah that they would compensate for their error in any trial that they would confront in the future. But Allah cannot be deceived by empty words. He puts to one or the other test everyone who makes a pledge with Him so that his sincerity of intention or otherwise is found out. Therefore, just after two years of the Battle of Uhud, He made them confront an even more serious danger and discovered how far they were sincere in their pledge." "
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